01
Blue Ocean Economy
Economic approach creating new, uncontested market spaces by innovation: focuses on value creation without competition pressure.
Source: Kim & Mauborgne, Blue Ocean Strategy.
02
Blue Sky Economy
Innovation-driven economic model encouraging bold, speculative ideas; supports high-risk research with potential transformative outcomes.
Source: OECD Science & Innovation Policy.
03
Green Earth Economy
Economic system prioritizing environmental sustainability and resource efficiency; aims for low emissions, biodiversity protection, and renewable growth.
Source: UNEP Green Economy Report.
04
Science‑Based Economy
Economy driven by scientific research, discovery and knowledge creation; relies on R&D, evidence, and technological advancement .
Source: UNESCO Science Report .
05
Technology‑Based Economy
Economic structure centered on technological innovation and digital transformation; growth comes from advanced tech industries and automation.
Source: World Bank Technology and Development Review.
06
Human Resource‑Based Economy
Economy dependent on developing workforce skills, talent, and productivity; human capital becomes the main driver of competitiveness.
Source: ILO Human Capital Framework.